Imam Khomeini’s Theory of Fitrah: A Framework for Classifying Human Forms of Governance
Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Assistant Professor of Political Studies, Department of Political Science, Baqir-ul-Ulum University, Qom, I.R.Iran
2
Master's student, Department of Political Science, Baqir-ul-Ulum University, Qom, I.R. Iran
3
Master of Criminal Law, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, I. R. Iran
Abstract
The typology of human governance, based on Imam Khomeini’s theory of Fitrah (Fitrah-based), serves as an analytical framework that plays a central role in identifying Fitrah and non-Fitrah patterns of governance. This study aims to categorize governance systems and analyze the consequences of each, in terms of either strengthening or weakening human Fitrah. The present study, using a descriptive-analytical approach, categorizes eight types of governance into two overarching groups: Fitrah and non-Fitrah. The data were extracted and structured based on the key concepts of Fitrah theory and the characteristics of each pattern. The findings indicate that non-Fitrah (base) governance falls into seven types: Hedonistic, Dominative, Deceptive, Hedonistic–Dominative, Deceptive–Hedonistic, Dominative–Deceptive, and Threefold Arrogant. These types are characterized by traits such as selfishness, injustice, structural corruption, and distortion of facts. In contrast, Fitrah (Transcendental) governance, as a model of ideal governance, is defined based on justice, rationality, and wisdom, with legitimacy rooted in the divine Fitrah. The study also indicates that non-Fitrah governance leads to identity crises, inequality, and the erosion of human dignity, whereas Fitrah governance, by promoting self-reliance and the development of individual talents, guides society toward justice.
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Volume 2, Issue 4 - Serial Number 4
February 2024Pages 33-62
- Receive Date 06 June 2024
- Revise Date 10 August 2024
- Accept Date 03 October 2024
- Publish Date 21 December 2024